-(으)오/(으)옵/사오/사옵/자오/자옵
(eu)o/(eu)op/sao/saop/jao/jaop
Grammar · 1 sense
Humility
Examples
여기 그런 게 없으와.
We don't have that here.
필요한 거 있으시다면 저를 불러 주시옵소서.
Please call me if you need anything.
저희가 그 사람을 믿었삽더니 배신당했나이다.
We trusted them, but they betrayed us.
When you'd hear it
These endings are highly old-fashioned and ceremonial, appearing mainly in historical dramas, courtly or ritual language, prayers, and deliberately archaic or comic speech. They are not normal choices in modern workplace, classroom, or casual conversation.
What learners get wrong
Learners may mistake these for a more formal version of -(으)ㅂ니다, but they carry an archaic or ceremonial style rather than ordinary modern formality. Forms such as 주시옵소서 are best recognized as fixed prayer-like or historical expressions.
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