(으)로
(eu)ro
Grammar · 2 senses
to, toward
Examples
우리 집 창밖으로 서울 타워가 보여요.
You can see the Seoul Tower from the window of our house.
When you'd hear it
This is a neutral particle used in both conversation and writing, including when describing routes, directions, or what is visible in a particular direction. It appears frequently with place and direction words such as 창밖, 왼쪽, and 서울.
What learners get wrong
Learners often use 에 wherever English has “to,” but 에 marks a destination while (으)로 emphasizes direction or a route. The choice depends on whether the sentence focuses on arriving at a place or moving in a direction.
using, with
Examples
자전거로 다녀요.
I go by bike.
글은 연필로 씁니다.
I write with a pencil.
When you'd hear it
This particle is common in everyday speech and neutral writing, from casual plans to workplace reports. It appears with both polite forms such as 다녀요 and 씁니다 and casual conversation.
What learners get wrong
Learners often use 에 for every “by/with” phrase. 에 marks a destination or time, while (으)로 marks the vehicle or instrument used.
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